More than 5% for clearer blood sugar gains

Published in: J Acad Nutr Diet 2015
People studied: 6,754

In 11 trials with 6,754 adults with type 2 diabetes, clear gains in blood sugar, blood fats and blood pressure showed up in the programmes where people lost 5% or more.

Checked against: PubMed 25935570
Published in: J Acad Nutr Diet 2015
Last checked: 30 October 2026

Key takeaway

This pooled analysis of 11 randomised trials with 6,754 adults with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity looked at results after 12 months. Most programmes led to less than 5% weight loss, about 3 kg, and showed no clear change in HbA1c (long-term blood sugar), blood fats or blood pressure. The two programmes where people lost 5% or more, both with regular activity and frequent contact with health professionals, did show clear benefits.

At a glance

Type of study: pooled analysis of randomised trials (meta-analysis)
People studied: 6,754
How long: 12 months or more
Compared with: other weight-loss programmes or usual care
Main result: Clear benefits appeared with 5% or more lost, not with less.
Strength of evidence: Randomised trials

What this study does not show

Only two study groups reached 5% or more, so the comparison rests on few trials. The programmes that worked were intensive.

Results from studies in groups of people, mostly in diet and movement programmes. They cannot be promised to any one person. This information is educational and does not replace a consultation with a doctor.